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Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Observe that young plants and animals resemble their parents but are not identical, recognising inherited similarities and individual differences

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Identify how animals and plants are adapted to suit their environment and understand that adaptation may lead to evolution over time

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Use vocabulary for variation and inheritance — inherited characteristic, acquired characteristic, variation, offspring, trait, species, breed, genetic…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe the changes as humans develop to old age, including the stages of the human life cycle

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Use a model to describe that animals receive information through their senses, process it in their brain, and respond in different ways

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behaviour, and reproduction

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Use technical vocabulary for the major organ systems — organ, organ system, circulatory system, digestive system, respiratory system, skeletal system, muscular…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Use technical vocabulary for evolution and natural selection — adaptation, evolution, natural selection, extinct, extinction, fossil record, species, common…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs, and lifestyle on the way human bodies function

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Identify and name the main parts of the human circulatory system and describe the functions of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe how nutrients and water are transported within animals, including the role of the circulatory system in delivering nutrients from digestion

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Use models to describe that energy in animals' food was once energy from the sun, transferred through plants or other organisms

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Support an argument that plants get the materials they need for growth chiefly from air and water, not from the soil

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Understand that all living organisms are made of cells and use a light microscope to observe, interpret, and record cell structure

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe the functions of the main components of plant and animal cells: cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria, ribosomes, and…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Explain photosynthesis as the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, and describe how mineral…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Compare plant and animal cells, identifying shared features and structures unique to plant cells (cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts)

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe the hierarchical organisation of multicellular organisms: cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organism

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe the organs of the human digestive system and how food is physically and chemically digested, including the role of enzymes as biological catalysts

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Explain biomechanics — the interaction between skeleton and muscles at joints, including the roles of tendons (attach muscle to bone) and ligaments (attach bone…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Explain that muscles work in antagonistic pairs — one contracts while the other relaxes — to produce movement, using the bicep and tricep as a key example

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Identify the seven components of a healthy diet — carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre, and water — and explain the role of each…

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Describe the structure and four main functions of the human skeleton: support, protection, movement, and production of blood cells in bone marrow

Science // Organisms & Life Processes

Calculate and evaluate energy intake and requirements in a healthy daily diet, interpreting food labels and nutritional data