All topics

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use the present perfect form of verbs in contrast to the simple past tense, understanding how the present perfect indicates an action completed at an…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand and use modal verbs (can, may, must, might, shall, will, could, should, would) and modal adverbs (perhaps, surely, certainly) to indicate degrees of…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Explain the function of conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in general and in particular sentences, understanding how each word class contributes to…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Analyse the effectiveness and impact of grammatical features in texts read — understanding how authors make deliberate grammatical choices (sentence length…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand and analyse the function of phrases (noun, verb, adjectival, adverbial, prepositional) and clauses (main, subordinate, relative) in general and in…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Know and understand the differences between spoken and written language — including differences in formality, register, grammar, and vocabulary — and between…

English // Reading Comprehension

Recognise different forms of poetry (free verse, narrative poetry, haiku) and discuss their features; prepare poems and play scripts to read aloud and perform…

English // Reading Comprehension

Identify recurring themes (good vs evil, friendship, bravery) and conventions (once upon a time, moral at the end, hero's journey) across a wide range of books…

English // Reading Comprehension

Identify how language choices, text structure and presentational features (illustrations, diagrams, bold print, layout) contribute to the overall meaning and…

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including distinguishing between first-person and third-person narration and…

English // Reading Comprehension

Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, identifying structural elements unique to each form: verse, rhythm, and meter in poetry; cast of…

English // Reading Comprehension

Determine the theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, and provide an objective summary that captures the key events without personal opinions

English // Reading Comprehension

Describe the overall structure of an informational text (chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) and explain how the author's chosen structure…

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes, topics, and story patterns (e.g., good vs evil, quest narratives, trickster tales) in stories, myths, and…

English // Reading Comprehension

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as used in literary texts, including understanding references to mythology and cultural allusions (e.g., Herculean…

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast a firsthand account (autobiography, diary, letter) with a secondhand account (biography, textbook, news report) of the same event or topic…

English // Reading Comprehension

Explain how an author of an informational text uses reasons and evidence to support particular points, evaluating whether the reasoning is sound and the…

English // Reading Comprehension

Describe how a narrator's or speaker's point of view influences how events are described, recognising the difference between limited and omniscient narration…

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast the overall structure of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more informational texts, identifying patterns such as…

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast stories in the same genre on their approaches to similar themes and topics, identifying how different authors treat common ideas

English // Reading Comprehension

Evaluate how authors use language including figurative language, considering the impact of word choices, imagery, and literary devices on the reader

English // Reading Comprehension

Explain how a series of chapters, scenes, or stanzas fits together to provide the overall structure of a story, drama, or poem, analysing how each part…

English // Reading Comprehension

Distinguish between statements of fact and statements of opinion in texts, recognising how authors blend factual information with subjective viewpoints

English // Reading Comprehension

Analyse multiple accounts of the same event or topic, noting important similarities and differences in the point of view they represent