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  • Science // Dinosaurs & Paleontology

    Changing Scientific Knowledge

    Evaluate competing scientific explanations about dinosaurs by weighing fossil evidence — understanding that scientific knowledge changes as new fossils are…

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Ocean Life

    Exploring the Ocean

    Know that oceanographers and marine biologists study the ocean using submarines, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), satellites, and diving, and that much of the…

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Correlation vs Causation

    Two things happening together doesn't mean one caused the other — recognise the difference between correlation and causation before drawing conclusions

    Ages 8 to 10Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Evidence Supporting Ideas

    Identify scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or arguments, evaluating the strength of evidence

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Drawing conclusions from evidence (age 9+)

    Report and present findings including conclusions, causal relationships, explanations, and a degree of trust in results using oral and written forms

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Controlling variables

    Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, recognising and controlling variables where necessary

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Fair testing (age 9+)

    Use test results to make predictions and set up further comparative and fair tests to investigate new questions

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Science Can Be Revised

    Scientific knowledge is provisional — it is the best current explanation based on available evidence, and it can and should be revised when better evidence…

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
  • Science // Scientific Inquiry

    Controlling variables (age 11+)

    Form a testable scientific hypothesis linking an independent variable to a predicted outcome, plan a full investigation identifying independent, dependent, and…

    Ages 11 to 12Thinking skill
  • Science // Volcanoes & Earthquakes

    Monitoring Volcanoes

    Understand how volcanologists monitor volcanoes by looking for warning signs — gas emissions, ground swelling, small earthquakes — and that prediction involves…

    Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill