All topics

Science // Waves, Light & Sound

Recognise that shadows are formed when light from a source is blocked by an opaque object, and find patterns in how shadow size changes

Science // Waves, Light & Sound

Notice that light is reflected from surfaces, and that shiny smooth surfaces reflect light best

Science // Waves, Light & Sound

Recognise that light from the sun can be dangerous and that there are ways to protect eyes

Science // Weather & Climate

Identify and describe different types of weather — sunny, rainy, windy, snowy, cloudy, foggy, stormy — and describe what the weather is like today using simple…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that weather changes with the seasons — spring brings rain and new growth, summer is warmest with long days, autumn brings cooling and falling leaves…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that rain falls from clouds in the sky, that puddles disappear because water goes back into the air, and that this is part of how water moves around — up…

Science // Weather & Climate

Understand temperature as how hot or cold something is, that a thermometer measures temperature, and use words like hot, warm, cool, and cold to describe how…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that wind is moving air, that it can be gentle (a breeze) or very strong (a gale), and that wind can move things like leaves, kites, flags, and even push…

Science // Weather & Climate

Ask questions to obtain information about the purpose of weather forecasting and how people prepare for and respond to severe weather

Science // Weather & Climate

Know basic storm safety: during thunder and lightning, go indoors or into a car, stay away from trees and water; understand that storms can be frightening but…

Science // Weather & Climate

Choose appropriate clothing and equipment for different weather conditions — coat and umbrella for rain, sun hat and sunscreen for hot sun, warm layers for cold…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that different places around the world have very different typical weather — tropical places are hot and wet all year, deserts are very dry, polar regions…

Science // Weather & Climate

Understand the water cycle: the Sun heats water in oceans and lakes causing it to evaporate into water vapour, the vapour rises and cools to form clouds…

Science // Weather & Climate

Distinguish between weather and climate: weather is what the atmosphere is doing right now or today (it can change hour to hour), while climate is the typical…

Science // Weather & Climate

Identify the three main cloud types — cumulus (fluffy, fair weather), stratus (flat layers, overcast or drizzle), and cirrus (thin wisps, high up) — and…

Science // Weather & Climate

Understand what causes wind: the Sun heats the Earth's surface unevenly, warm air rises because it is lighter, and cooler air rushes in to take its place — this…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that meteorologists are scientists who study and forecast the weather using satellites, radar, weather balloons, and computer models, and that weather…

Science // Weather & Climate

Use weather instruments to measure and record weather data: thermometers for temperature in °C, rain gauges for rainfall, wind vanes for direction, and…

Science // Weather & Climate

Know that thunder and lightning happen during thunderstorms: lightning is a giant spark of electricity that forms in clouds, thunder is the sound the lightning…