All topics

Science // Space Exploration

Understand the basics of a star’s life cycle: stars are born in clouds of gas and dust (nebulae), shine for millions or billions of years by fusing hydrogen…

Science // Space Exploration

Use scale models, diagrams, or calculations to represent the relative sizes and distances of objects in the solar system, understanding that the distances…

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Name the planets in our solar system in order from the Sun and use vocabulary for space — planet, star, sun, moon, satellite, orbit, solar system, galaxy…

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Use information from several sources to provide evidence that Earth events can occur quickly (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions) or slowly (erosion, mountain…

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Use technical vocabulary for Earth's motion and the wider universe — rotation, revolution, axis, tilt, orbit, light year, gravitational force, atmosphere, lunar…

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Describe the sun, Earth, and moon as approximately spherical bodies, and describe the movement of the Earth and other planets orbiting the sun in the solar…

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Identify evidence from patterns in rock formations and fossils in rock layers to support an explanation for changes in a landscape over time

Science // Space Systems & Earth's History

Use the idea of the Earth's rotation to explain day and night and the apparent movement of the sun across the sky

Science // The Human Body

Understand that the body is organised in a hierarchy: tiny cells are the building blocks, groups of similar cells form tissues, tissues combine into organs…

Science // The Human Body

Know the main food groups (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre, water) and understand that a balanced diet includes the right amounts from…

Science // The Human Body

Trace the journey of food through the digestive system: food enters the mouth where teeth break it down and saliva begins digestion, travels down the oesophagus…

Science // The Human Body

Describe how the eye works: light enters through the pupil, the lens focuses it onto the retina at the back of the eye, and the retina sends signals along the…

Science // The Human Body

Identify the four types of human teeth (incisors for cutting, canines for tearing, premolars and molars for grinding) and understand that tooth shape is linked…

Science // The Human Body

Understand that muscles work in pairs to move bones: when one muscle contracts (gets shorter and pulls), the opposite muscle relaxes, and that some muscles are…

Science // The Human Body

Identify major bones of the human skeleton by name (skull, spine/vertebrae, ribcage, pelvis, femur, humerus) and explain the skeleton’s three jobs: supporting…

Science // The Human Body

Describe the stages of human development from birth to old age: baby, toddler, child, adolescent (puberty), young adult, middle-aged adult, elderly…

Science // The Human Body

Understand how lifestyle choices affect the body’s health: a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and avoiding harmful substances (tobacco, alcohol…

Science // The Human Body

Describe the circulatory system in detail: the heart has four chambers (two atria, two ventricles) that pump blood in a double loop — one to the lungs for…

Science // The Human Body

Understand how the circulatory and respiratory systems work together: the lungs oxygenate the blood, the heart pumps it around the body, cells use the oxygen…

Science // The Human Body

Understand that the nervous system has two parts — the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and nerves that branch throughout the body — and that…

Science // The Human Body

Explain how the respiratory system works in detail: air travels through the nose/mouth, down the trachea, into bronchi and bronchioles, reaching tiny air sacs…

Science // The Human Body

Know that the body has an immune system that protects against illness: the skin acts as a barrier, white blood cells identify and destroy germs (bacteria and…

Science // Volcanoes & Earthquakes

Recognise that volcanoes and earthquakes tend to happen in certain places — especially around the edges of the Pacific Ocean (Ring of Fire) — not randomly…

Science // Volcanoes & Earthquakes

Know that Earth has layers — a thin outer crust, a thick hot mantle, and a core at the centre — and that the inside of the Earth is extremely hot