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Mathematics // Probability
Probabilities Sum to OneUnderstand that when all possible outcomes of a trial are listed, their probabilities must add up to 1; use this to find the probability of an event NOT…
Ages 10 to 11ConceptMathematics // Probability
Experimental vs TheoreticalRun repeated probability experiments and compare experimental (relative frequency) results with theoretical predictions; understand and demonstrate that as the…
Ages 10 to 11MethodMathematics // Probability
Complementary eventsUnderstand and apply the rule that probabilities of all mutually exclusive outcomes sum to one; use this to find the probability of a complementary event (P(not…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptMathematics // Probability
The Probability ScaleUnderstand probability as a measure on a scale from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain); use the language of probability including likely, unlikely, certain, and…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptMathematics // Probability
Experimental probabilityRecord, describe, and analyse the frequency of outcomes from probability experiments to develop an understanding of relative frequency as an estimate of…
Ages 11 to 13MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Bar Models for RatiosRepresent ratio and proportion problems using bar models (rectangular strips divided into equal parts labelled with quantities) and tape diagrams (segmented…
Ages 9 to 12RepresentationMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Percentages (age 9+)Know and use the vocabulary of ratio and proportion — ratio, proportion, percentage, scale, equivalent, unequal, relative size, part-to-part, part-to-whole, and…
Ages 9 to 11LanguageMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Calculating PercentagesSolve problems involving the calculation of percentages of amounts (e.g. 15% of 360) and the use of percentages for comparison
Ages 10 to 11MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Scale and similar shapesSolve problems involving similar shapes where the scale factor is known or can be found
Ages 10 to 11MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Ratio ProblemsSolve problems involving the relative sizes of two quantities where missing values can be found by using integer multiplication and division facts
Ages 10 to 11MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Understanding fractionsSolve problems involving unequal sharing and grouping using knowledge of fractions and multiples
Ages 10 to 11MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Compound UnitsUse compound units such as speed (distance ÷ time), unit pricing (cost ÷ quantity), and density (mass ÷ volume); solve problems involving compound units
Ages 11 to 14MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Scale and similar shapes (age 11+)Use scale factors to interpret and create scale diagrams and maps, calculating real-life distances from map measurements and vice versa
Ages 11 to 13MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
One Quantity as a FractionExpress one quantity as a fraction of another where the result may be less than 1 or greater than 1, and interpret the meaning in context
Ages 11 to 12ConceptMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Percentages as FractionsDefine percentage as 'number of parts per hundred'; interpret percentages and percentage changes as a fraction or a decimal; express one quantity as a…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Unit ConversionsConvert freely between related standard units of measurement (time, length, area, volume/capacity, mass) using decimal notation to up to three decimal places…
Ages 11 to 12MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Ratio NotationUse ratio notation to describe the relationship between two or more quantities, simplify ratios to their simplest form, and convert between ratio and fraction…
Ages 11 to 12MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Dividing Quantities by RatioDivide a given quantity into two parts in a given part:part or part:whole ratio, and express the division as a fraction of the whole
Ages 11 to 13MethodMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Proportional Reasoning VocabularyKnow and use advanced vocabulary of multiplicative reasoning — direct proportion, inverse proportion, ratio, rate, unit rate, compound unit, scale factor…
Ages 11 to 14LanguageMathematics // Ratio & Proportion
Proportion GraphsRepresent proportional relationships using double number lines (two parallel number lines aligned at 0) and ratio tables; recognise that equivalent ratios…
Ages 11 to 14RepresentationEnglish // English Thinking
Reviewing Own WritingEvaluate whether your own writing achieves the effect you intended on a reader — go beyond checking for correctness to asking whether it actually works
Ages 8 to 10Thinking skillEnglish // English Thinking
Knowing What You Don't KnowMonitor your own vocabulary gaps — notice words you half-know, distinguish confident from uncertain knowledge, and develop strategies to resolve the uncertainty
Ages 8 to 10Thinking skillEnglish // English Thinking
Reflecting on Your Language UseReflect on yourself as a language user — how your reading, writing, and speaking shift across audiences, purposes, and contexts, and where you want to develop…
Ages 10 to 11Thinking skillEnglish // Grammar & Punctuation
Commas in listsUse commas to separate items in a list within a sentence (e.g., 'I bought apples, bananas, and oranges')
Ages 6 to 11Method