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Science // Ecosystems & Habitats
Food Webs & InterdependenceConstruct and interpret food webs showing the interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, explaining how a change in one population affects others
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Pollination & Pollinator DeclineExplain the importance of insect pollination for plant reproduction and human food security, and discuss the consequences of pollinator decline
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Energy Loss Between LevelsExplain how energy is transferred between trophic levels in a food chain, why energy is lost at each stage, and use pyramids of biomass/numbers to represent…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
The Water CycleDescribe the water cycle, tracing water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, and transpiration in plants, explaining how the sun…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Extinction & Rapid ChangeExplain how environmental change can outpace a species' ability to adapt through natural selection, leading to extinction, using historical and contemporary…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
The Carbon CycleDescribe the carbon cycle, tracing carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, and combustion, and explain the role of each process
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
How Natural Selection WorksExplain natural selection as the mechanism of evolution: heritable variation + competition for resources + differential survival and reproduction = change in…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Evidence for EvolutionDescribe the main types of evidence for evolution: the fossil record (change over time), comparative anatomy (homologous structures), and the geographic…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Species Distribution & ChangeExplain how environmental change (climate change, habitat loss, pollution) affects the distribution of species, including range shifts, local extinction, and…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Variation in SpeciesExplain variation within and between species, distinguishing between continuous variation (e.g. height) and discontinuous variation (e.g. blood group), and…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Biodiversity & ResilienceExplain what biodiversity means, why high biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient, and describe the ways human activity threatens biodiversity (habitat…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Toxins Building Up in Food ChainsExplain how organisms affect and are affected by their environment, including the bioaccumulation of toxic materials (e.g. pesticides, heavy metals) through…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Chromosomes, Genes & DNADescribe the relationship between chromosomes, genes, and DNA in heredity, including the double helix structure of DNA and the historical roles of Watson…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Genetic MutationExplain genetic mutation as a random change in DNA sequence, describe causes of mutation (e.g. radiation, chemicals, copying errors), and explain that most…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ecosystems & Habitats
Predicting Inherited TraitsExplain how alleles are inherited in sexual reproduction and use Punnett squares to predict the probability of offspring inheriting a characteristic, including…
Ages 13 to 14ConceptScience // Energy
Energy stores and transfersIdentify the main energy stores (kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal, chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic) and the pathways by which…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Energy
Energy can't be created or destroyedExplain the principle of conservation of energy (energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred between stores), and describe how energy is dissipated…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Energy
Current, voltage, and what they measureUnderstand that electric current is the rate of flow of charge (measured in amperes using an ammeter), and that potential difference (voltage) is the energy…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Energy
Static electricity and sparksExplain static electricity as the build-up of electric charge through friction, describe how charged objects attract or repel each other, and relate static…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Energy
Renewable vs non-renewable energyDistinguish between renewable energy resources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, tidal, geothermal, biomass) and non-renewable resources (coal, oil, gas, nuclear)…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Energy
Efficiency, Sankey diagrams, and work doneCalculate energy efficiency as the ratio of useful output energy to total input energy, construct and interpret Sankey diagrams, and calculate work done using…
Ages 12 to 13MethodScience // Energy
Heating experiments and Q = mcΔTPlan and carry out experiments to measure energy transferred during heating, including using the equation Q = mcΔT, recording temperature changes over time, and…
Ages 12 to 13MethodScience // Energy
Conduction, convection, and radiationDescribe and compare the three mechanisms of heat transfer — conduction (particle vibration through solids), convection (fluid movement in liquids/gases), and…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Energy
Power: watts and energy per secondDefine power as the rate of energy transfer (power = energy ÷ time, measured in watts), and compare energy transfer rates in different everyday contexts
Ages 12 to 13Concept