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Science // Weather & Climate
Extreme Weather Events
Know about extreme weather events — hurricanes (spinning storms over warm ocean), tornadoes (violent rotating columns of air), floods, droughts, and blizzards…
Ages 9 to 11Concept
Science // Weather & Climate
Global Wind Patterns
Explain that unequal solar heating drives large-scale atmospheric circulation: Hadley cells (0-30°), Ferrel cells (30-60°), and polar cells (60-90°) produce the…
Ages 11 to 13Concept
Science // Weather & Climate
Greenhouse Gas Science
Describe the electromagnetic spectrum and distinguish between short-wave solar radiation and long-wave infrared radiation emitted by Earth; explain how…
Ages 11 to 12Concept
Science // Weather & Climate
Hurricanes, Tornadoes & Monsoons
Explain how hurricanes form and intensify over warm ocean water (latent heat release, low-pressure spiral); describe tornado formation within supercell…
Ages 12 to 13Concept
Science // Weather & Climate
Reading Ancient Climate Records
Explain how ice cores preserve ancient air bubbles, isotope ratios, and volcanic markers allowing reconstruction of temperature and CO2 going back 800,000…
Ages 12 to 14Concept
Science // Weather & Climate
Net Zero & Energy Transition
Evaluate the energy transition required to reach net zero: renewable energy scaling, electrification of transport and heat, green hydrogen; describe carbon…
Ages 13 to 14Concept