All topics

Science // Forces & Motion

Recognise that some mechanisms including levers, pulleys, and gears allow a smaller force to have a greater effect

Science // Forces & Motion

Use technical vocabulary for force and motion — balanced forces, unbalanced forces, resultant force, acceleration, deceleration, speed, moment, lever, fulcrum…

Science // Forces & Motion

Read and plot distance-time graphs for moving objects; interpret the gradient (steepness) of a line as speed; identify stationary periods (horizontal sections)…

Science // Forces & Motion

Explain relative motion — how the apparent speed and direction of an object depends on the observer's own motion — using everyday examples such as trains and…

Science // Forces & Motion

Calculate average speed using the equation speed = distance ÷ time, represent journeys on distance-time graphs, and interpret gradient as speed and flat…

Science // Forces & Motion

Distinguish between mass (amount of matter, measured in kg) and weight (gravitational force, measured in N), use the equation weight = mass × gravitational…

Science // Forces & Motion

Describe forces as vector quantities with both magnitude and direction, distinguish between balanced forces (zero resultant, no change in motion) and unbalanced…

Science // Forces & Motion

Describe magnetic poles (north and south), explain attraction and repulsion between poles, describe magnetic field lines plotted using a compass, and explain…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Insects in ecosystems: the many roles insects play. Pollinators (bees, butterflies, hoverflies), decomposers (dung beetles, fly larvae), food source for birds…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

The most successful animals on Earth: there are roughly one million described insect species, and scientists estimate 5–10 million may exist. More insect…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Threats to insects and conservation: insect populations are declining worldwide. Causes include habitat loss, pesticide use, light pollution disrupting…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Adaptation and evolution in insects: peppered moths as a famous example of natural selection (dark moths survived better on soot-covered trees during the…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Insect communication and behaviour: bees perform a waggle dance to tell hive-mates where flowers are. Ants lay pheromone trails for others to follow. Fireflies…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Complete vs incomplete metamorphosis. Complete: egg → larva → pupa → adult (butterflies, beetles, flies). Incomplete: egg → nymph → adult — the nymph looks like…

Science // Insects & Minibeasts

Insect anatomy in depth: compound eyes made of thousands of tiny lenses, spiracles (breathing holes along the body), diverse mouthparts (chewing mandibles in…

Science // Matter & Materials

Draw and interpret particle diagrams — dot representations showing the arrangement, spacing, and movement of particles in solids (close, regular, vibrating in…

Science // Matter & Materials

Give reasons, based on evidence from comparative and fair tests, for the particular uses of everyday materials including metals, wood, and plastic

Science // Matter & Materials

Understand that some materials dissolve in liquid to form a solution, and describe how to recover a substance from a solution by evaporation

Science // Matter & Materials

Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials and are not usually reversible, such as burning, rusting, and reactions with acid

Science // Matter & Materials

Demonstrate that dissolving, mixing, and changes of state are reversible changes where no new materials are formed

Science // Matter & Materials

Use knowledge of solids, liquids, and gases to decide how mixtures might be separated through filtering, sieving, and evaporating

Science // Matter & Materials

Compare and group everyday materials based on advanced properties: hardness, solubility, transparency, electrical and thermal conductivity, and response to…

Science // Matter & Materials

Use technical vocabulary to describe and compare material properties — conductor, insulator, thermal, electrical, transparent, opaque, translucent, soluble…

Science // Matter & Materials

Measure and provide evidence that the total weight of matter is conserved regardless of the type of change (heating, cooling, or mixing)