Learn // Topics

All topics

Search by name, or narrow by subject, age, and type. Open a topic to see the ages it covers, what to learn first, and where it leads.

1 to 24 of 166 topics

By subject and area, youngest first

  • English // English Thinking

    Reviewing Own Writing

    Evaluate whether your own writing achieves the effect you intended on a reader — go beyond checking for correctness to asking whether it actually works

    Ages 8 to 10Thinking skill
  • English // English Thinking

    Knowing What You Don't Know

    Monitor your own vocabulary gaps — notice words you half-know, distinguish confident from uncertain knowledge, and develop strategies to resolve the uncertainty

    Ages 8 to 10Thinking skill
  • English // English Thinking

    Reflecting on Your Language Use

    Reflect on yourself as a language user — how your reading, writing, and speaking shift across audiences, purposes, and contexts, and where you want to develop…

    Ages 10 to 11Thinking skill
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Commas in lists

    Use commas to separate items in a list within a sentence (e.g., 'I bought apples, bananas, and oranges')

    Ages 6 to 11Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    The Present Perfect Tense

    Use the present perfect form of verbs in contrast to the simple past tense, understanding how the present perfect indicates an action completed at an…

    Ages 7 to 11Concept
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Punctuating Direct Speech

    Punctuate direct speech using inverted commas (speech marks), understanding that direct speech records the exact words spoken and must be enclosed in…

    Ages 7 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Expanded noun phrases (age 8+)

    Expand noun phrases with modifying adjectives, nouns, and preposition phrases to add detail

    Ages 8 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Agreement in sentences

    Ensure subject-verb agreement and pronoun-antecedent agreement within and across sentences

    Ages 8 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Modal Verbs and Possibility

    Understand and use modal verbs (can, may, must, might, shall, will, could, should, would) and modal adverbs (perhaps, surely, certainly) to indicate degrees of…

    Ages 9 to 10Concept
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Progressive and Continuous Tenses

    Form and use the progressive (continuous) verb tenses — past progressive (was walking), present progressive (am walking), and future progressive (will be…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Linking paragraphs with adverbials

    Link ideas across paragraphs using adverbials of time (later, meanwhile, after a while), place (nearby, far away, beyond the wall), and number (secondly…

    Ages 9 to 11Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Cohesion within paragraphs

    Use cohesive devices within a paragraph — including pronouns, adverbials (then, after that, firstly), and synonyms — to link sentences and build a coherent flow…

    Ages 9 to 11Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Grammar Terms: Modal Verbs and Clauses

    Know and use Year 5 grammar terminology accurately when discussing reading and writing: modal verb, relative pronoun, relative clause, parenthesis, bracket…

    Ages 9 to 10Language
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Expanded noun phrases (age 9+)

    Form and use prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase) to add detail about time, location, or direction within sentences, recognising how they function…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Brackets and dashes for parenthesis

    Use brackets, dashes, and commas to indicate parenthesis — additional information inserted into a sentence that could be removed without changing the sentence's…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Relative Clauses

    Form and use relative clauses beginning with relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why) to add detail, qualify…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Adjective Order in Sentences

    Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional English patterns (opinion-size-age-shape-colour-origin-material-purpose) to produce natural-sounding…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Converting Words into Verbs

    Convert nouns and adjectives into verbs by adding suffixes -ate, -ise (-ize), and -ify, understanding how word class changes affect sentence construction

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Verb Prefixes and Meaning

    Use verb prefixes (dis-, de-, mis-, over-, re-) to change verb meaning, understanding how each prefix modifies the action expressed by the root verb

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Commas to avoid ambiguity

    Use commas to clarify meaning and avoid ambiguity in sentences where the absence of a comma could cause misreading

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Commas Before Joining Words

    Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, so, yet) when joining two independent clauses in a compound sentence

    Ages 9 to 11Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Fixing Fragments & Run-Ons

    Recognise and correct sentence fragments (incomplete sentences lacking a subject or predicate) and run-on sentences (two or more independent clauses joined…

    Ages 9 to 10Method
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Grammar Terms: Voice and Punctuation

    Know and use Year 6 grammatical terminology accurately: subject, object, active voice, passive voice, synonym, antonym, ellipsis, hyphen, colon, semi-colon…

    Ages 10 to 11Language
  • English // Grammar & Punctuation

    Active and passive voice

    Use the passive voice to shift focus from the agent to the action or recipient, understanding how passive constructions affect the presentation of information…

    Ages 10 to 11Method