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Science // Ocean Life
The Ocean FloorKnow that the ocean floor is not flat — it has mountains, valleys, and the deepest trenches on Earth — and that the deepest point is the Mariana Trench, deeper…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Coral ReefsKnow that coral reefs are built by tiny living animals called coral polyps, that reefs are home to more species than almost any other ocean habitat, and that…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Oceans & ClimateUnderstand the connection between the ocean and climate: the ocean absorbs heat and carbon dioxide, drives weather patterns through evaporation, and ocean…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Ocean EcosystemsUnderstand ocean ecosystems as interconnected systems where living things (producers, consumers, decomposers) and non-living factors (temperature, salinity…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Protecting the OceanUnderstand how people protect the ocean: marine protected areas limit fishing and pollution, sustainable fishing prevents overharvesting, beach clean-ups reduce…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Ocean Pollution & HarmIdentify ways humans harm the ocean — plastic pollution, overfishing, oil spills, and ocean acidification from carbon dioxide — and understand that most ocean…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Ocean Animal MigrationsKnow that many ocean animals undertake remarkable migrations — humpback whales travel thousands of miles between feeding and breeding grounds, sea turtles…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Deep-Sea CreaturesExplore life in the deep sea: animals that make their own light (bioluminescence), creatures adapted to crushing pressure and total darkness, and hydrothermal…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Ocean Currents and Global HeatExplain thermohaline circulation (the global conveyor belt) as driven by temperature and salinity differences that cause dense water to sink; describe how the…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Deep-Sea Life Without SunlightContrast photosynthesis (energy from sunlight) with chemosynthesis (energy from oxidising chemicals like hydrogen sulphide); describe hydrothermal vent…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Coral Bleaching & AcidificationExplain the mutualistic symbiosis between coral polyps and photosynthetic zooxanthellae; describe how heat stress causes bleaching (corals expel zooxanthellae…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Predator Loss and Ecosystem EffectsQuantify energy transfer efficiency through trophic levels (~10% rule); explain trophic cascades: how removing an apex predator triggers a chain of ecosystem…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Ocean Life
Deep-Ocean Exploration TechnologyExplain how crewed submersibles (Alvin, Deepsea Challenger) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) allow exploration of the deep; describe acoustic seafloor…
Ages 13 to 14ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Naming Common AnimalsIdentify and name common animals from major groups: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
Ages 5 to 6ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Common Plants & TreesIdentify and name common wild and garden plants, including deciduous and evergreen trees
Ages 5 to 6ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
What Living Things NeedUnderstand what plants and animals (including humans) need to survive: water, food, air, and suitable conditions
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Herbivores, Carnivores & OmnivoresClassify common animals as carnivores (eat meat), herbivores (eat plants), or omnivores (eat both)
Ages 5 to 6ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Parts of a PlantIdentify and describe the basic structure of common flowering plants (roots, stem, leaves, flowers) and trees (roots, trunk, branches, leaves)
Ages 5 to 6ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Animal Body GroupsDescribe and compare the external body structure of common animals across groups (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals)
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Body Parts & SensesIdentify, name, and locate basic parts of the human body and associate each body part with its sense
Ages 5 to 6ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Animal Life StagesRecognise that animals, including humans, have offspring which grow into adults, and describe basic animal life stages
Ages 6 to 7ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
What Plants Need to GrowUnderstand that plants need water, light, and a suitable temperature to grow and stay healthy
Ages 6 to 8ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Offspring resemble parentsObserve that young plants and animals resemble their parents but are not identical, recognising inherited similarities and individual differences
Ages 6 to 11ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Life Cycles of OrganismsDevelop models to describe that organisms have unique and diverse life cycles but all share the common stages of birth, growth, reproduction, and death
Ages 7 to 9Concept