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  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egypt, the Nile, and the Desert

    Locate Egypt on a map of Africa and understand that it is a country in a very hot, dry desert, but the River Nile — the longest river in the world — flows…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Pharaohs and Tutankhamun

    Know that ancient Egypt was ruled by powerful kings and queens called pharaohs, who lived in grand palaces and made the laws — and that one of the most famous…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Pyramids and the Great Sphinx

    Know that the ancient Egyptians built enormous stone pyramids as tombs for the pharaohs, that the Great Pyramid at Giza was one of the Seven Wonders of the…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Gods and the Afterlife

    Understand that the ancient Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses and believed that life continued after death in a wonderful afterlife — which is why…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt

    Describe what everyday life was like for ordinary people in ancient Egypt: farmers grew wheat and barley near the Nile, families lived in mud-brick houses…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Hieroglyphs and Papyrus

    Know that the ancient Egyptians used a special writing system called hieroglyphs — pictures and symbols that stood for sounds and words — and that they wrote on…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Discovering Tutankhamun's Tomb

    Understand that we know about ancient Egypt because archaeologists have dug up and studied objects buried in the sand for thousands of years — and that one of…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Building the Pyramids

    Understand how the pyramids were built: thousands of workers moved enormous stone blocks using ramps, rollers, and sledges, the work was organised by the…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Ancient Egypt on the Timeline

    Place ancient Egypt on a timeline spanning over 3,000 years — from around 3100 BCE (unification under the first pharaoh) to 30 BCE (Roman conquest)…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Upper and Lower Egypt

    Understand that ancient Egypt was divided into Upper Egypt (the narrow river valley in the south) and Lower Egypt (the wide delta in the north), that the two…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Tomb Paintings and Artefacts

    Use tomb paintings, artefacts, and objects from ancient Egypt as evidence to find out about daily life: Nebamun's tomb paintings show hunting and feasting…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

    Name and describe key Egyptian gods and goddesses: Ra the sun god who sailed across the sky each day, Osiris the ruler of the afterlife, Isis the goddess of…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Scribes and the Rosetta Stone

    Know that scribes were specially trained people who could read and write hieroglyphs, that the Rosetta Stone — a slab with the same text in three scripts — was…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Social Hierarchy

    Describe the social structure of ancient Egypt as a pyramid-shaped hierarchy: the pharaoh at the top, then priests and nobles, followed by scribes and soldiers…

    Ages 7 to 9Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Ancient Egypt's Lasting Legacy

    Evaluate ancient Egypt's lasting legacy: the Egyptians developed early forms of medicine, mathematics (used to build pyramids and survey land after floods)…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Cleopatra and the End of Egypt

    Know that ancient Egypt eventually came to an end: the last pharaoh was Cleopatra VII, who allied with Rome but was defeated by Octavian (later Augustus) in 31…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Art and Architecture

    Analyse Egyptian art and architecture: understand that Egyptian paintings followed strict conventions (people shown from the side with eyes from the front, size…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Trade and Economy

    Understand that ancient Egypt had a thriving economy based on farming surplus, trade, and specialised labour: the Nile's fertile soil produced enough food to…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Judgement of the Dead

    Describe the Egyptian belief in the judgement of the dead: after death, the heart was weighed against the feather of Ma'at in the Hall of Judgement, with Anubis…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    The Pharaoh as Living God

    Understand that the pharaoh was not just a ruler but was believed to be a living god — the intermediary between the gods and the people — and that the concept…

    Ages 9 to 11Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egyptian Maths and Engineering

    Describe the Egyptian achievement in mathematics and engineering: the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus shows calculations of area, volume, and fractions; the…

    Ages 11 to 13Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Egypt and Its Neighbours

    Examine Egypt's relationships with neighbouring civilisations: trade networks reaching Nubia, the Levant, and Punt; the Hyksos invasion and the introduction of…

    Ages 12 to 13Concept
  • History // Ancient Egypt

    Fall of Ancient Egyptian Civilisation

    Trace the end of ancient Egyptian civilisation through its successive conquests — Assyrian, Persian, Macedonian (Alexander the Great), and finally Roman — and…

    Ages 13 to 14Concept
  • History // Ancient Greece & Rome

    Ancient Greece and Rome on the Map

    Locate Greece and Italy on a map and know they are countries around the Mediterranean Sea where two great ancient civilisations — Ancient Greece and Ancient…

    Ages 5 to 7Concept