Math // Area
Geometry
Age coverage
Ages 4 to 15
Starts at age 4 // 3 topics
Starting at age 4
- 3-D shapes
Recognise and name common 3-D shapes (cubes, cuboids, pyramids, spheres, cylinders, cones)
Ages 4 to 6Concept - 2-D shapes
Recognise and name common 2-D shapes (circles, triangles, rectangles including squares)
Ages 4 to 6Concept - Positional Language
Describe the position of objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, next to
Ages 4 to 6Language
Starts at age 5 // 5 topics
Starting at age 5
Your child is exploring shapes and space — recognising circles, triangles, and squares, building with 3D shapes like cubes and spheres, and describing where things are using words like above, below, and beside.
- 3-D shapes (age 5+)
Analyse and compare 2-D and 3-D shapes using informal language to describe sides, vertices, and other attributes
Ages 5 to 6Concept - Turns & Directions
Describe movement and direction, including whole, half, quarter, and three-quarter turns
Ages 5 to 6Method - Building & Drawing Shapes
Model shapes by building from components (e.g. sticks and clay balls) and by drawing
Ages 5 to 6Method - Combining Simple Shapes
Compose simple shapes to form larger shapes (e.g. two triangles make a rectangle)
Ages 5 to 6Method - Flat vs Solid Shapes
Distinguish two-dimensional (flat) shapes from three-dimensional (solid) shapes
Ages 5 to 6Concept
Starts at age 6 // 9 topics
Starting at age 6
Your child is discovering the world of shapes — identifying properties of 2D and 3D shapes, learning how to combine shapes to make new ones, and describing positions and movements using mathematical language.
- 2-D shapes (age 6+)
Identify and describe properties of 2-D shapes including the number of sides and line symmetry in a vertical line
Ages 6 to 7Concept - Defining attributes of shapes
Distinguish defining attributes of shapes (e.g. triangles are closed and three-sided) from non-defining attributes (e.g. colour, orientation, overall size)
Ages 6 to 7Concept - Position, direction, and movement
Use mathematical vocabulary to describe position, direction, and movement, including straight lines and distinguishing rotation as a turn in terms of right…
Ages 6 to 7Language - Edges, vertices, and faces
Identify and describe properties of 3-D shapes including the number of edges, vertices, and faces
Ages 6 to 7Concept - Sorting 2-D and 3-D shapes
Compare and sort common 2-D and 3-D shapes and everyday objects by their properties
Ages 6 to 7Method - Building with 3-D Shapes
Compose three-dimensional shapes (cubes, right rectangular prisms, right circular cones, right circular cylinders) and create composite shapes; build new shapes…
Ages 6 to 7Method - Composing Shapes
Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids, triangles, half-circles, quarter-circles) to create composite shapes, and compose new shapes…
Ages 6 to 7Method - 2-D faces on 3-D shapes
Identify 2-D shapes on the surface of 3-D shapes (e.g. a circle on a cylinder, a triangle on a pyramid)
Ages 6 to 7Concept - Patterns & Sequences
Order and arrange combinations of mathematical objects in patterns and sequences
Ages 6 to 7Method
Starts at age 7 // 5 topics
Starting at age 7
Your child is learning about shapes, angles, and lines — identifying different types of angles and lines, drawing 2D shapes and building 3D models, and understanding how angles work as turns and properties of shapes.
- Right Angles & Turns
Identify right angles; recognise that two right angles make a half-turn, three make three-quarters, and four make a complete turn
Ages 7 to 8Concept - Understanding angles
Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn
Ages 7 to 8Concept - Parallel and perpendicular lines
Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of perpendicular and parallel lines
Ages 7 to 8Concept - Recognising and drawing shapes by attributes
Recognise and draw shapes having specified attributes (e.g. a given number of angles or equal faces); identify triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons…
Ages 7 to 8Method - 2-D shapes (age 7+)
Draw 2-D shapes and make 3-D shapes using modelling materials; recognise 3-D shapes in different orientations and describe them
Ages 7 to 8Method
Starts at age 8 // 10 topics
Starting at age 8
Your child is advancing their understanding of shapes and space — working with coordinates on grids, identifying different types of angles, exploring symmetry, and classifying shapes by their properties.
- Types of angles
Identify acute and obtuse angles; compare and order angles up to two right angles by size
Ages 8 to 9Concept - Types of angles (age 8+)
Use and interpret standard geometric diagram conventions: mark right angles with a small square, equal lengths with single or double tick marks, and equal…
Ages 8 to 12Representation - Classifying quadrilaterals
Understand that shapes in different categories may share attributes defining a larger category; classify quadrilaterals (rhombuses, rectangles, squares) and…
Ages 8 to 9Concept - First Quadrant Coordinates
Describe positions on a 2-D grid as coordinates in the first quadrant
Ages 8 to 9Concept - Coordinates (age 8+)
Plot specified points on a coordinate grid and draw sides to complete a given polygon
Ages 8 to 9Representation - Nets of 3-D Shapes
Identify, draw, and interpret nets of common 3-D shapes — cubes, cuboids, triangular prisms, and square-based pyramids — by predicting which 3-D shape a given…
Ages 8 to 11Representation - Transformations on a grid
Represent and carry out geometric transformations on squared paper or a coordinate grid: reflections (in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal mirror lines…
Ages 8 to 12Representation - Describing Movements
Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down
Ages 8 to 9Method - 2-D shapes (age 8+)
Identify lines of symmetry in 2-D shapes presented in different orientations; recognise line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry
Ages 8 to 10Concept - Lines of symmetry
Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry
Ages 8 to 9Method
Starts at age 9 // 12 topics
Starting at age 9
Your child is learning to measure and work with angles using protractors, classify shapes by their properties, and understand transformations like reflections and translations while exploring how angles relate to each other.
- Degrees and turns
Know that angles are measured in degrees, where one degree is 1/360 of a full turn; understand that an angle turning through n one-degree angles has a measure…
Ages 9 to 10Concept - What Is an Angle?
Understand that an angle is a geometric shape formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint (vertex); recognise angles in real-life contexts and 2-D shapes
Ages 9 to 10Concept - Measuring angles
Measure angles in whole-number degrees using a protractor; draw given angles and sketch angles of specified measure
Ages 9 to 10Method - Lines, Rays & Angles
Draw and identify points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines; identify these in two-dimensional…
Ages 9 to 10Method - Angle Sum Rules
Know that angles at a point sum to 360° (one whole turn), angles on a straight line sum to 180°, and vertically opposite angles are equal; use these facts to…
Ages 9 to 10Concept - Regular and irregular polygons
Distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and equal angles
Ages 9 to 10Concept - Measuring angles (age 9+)
Recognise angle measure as additive; find unknown angles by adding or subtracting on a diagram using equations with a symbol for the unknown
Ages 9 to 10Method - Estimating Angles
Estimate and compare acute, obtuse, and reflex angles in degrees; classify angles by type and order them by size
Ages 9 to 10Method - Classifying shapes by line properties
Classify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines, or angles of a specified size; recognise right triangles…
Ages 9 to 10Method - Understanding angles (age 9+)
Use the properties of rectangles to deduce related facts and find missing lengths and angles
Ages 9 to 10Method - 3-D shapes (age 9+)
Identify 3-D shapes, including cubes and other cuboids, from 2-D representations
Ages 9 to 10Concept - Transformations on a Grid
Identify, describe, and represent the position of a shape following a reflection or translation using appropriate language; know that the shape has not changed
Ages 9 to 10Method
Starts at age 10 // 10 topics
Starting at age 10
Your child is developing advanced spatial skills — working with 3D shapes and nets, using coordinate grids with negative numbers, calculating angles, and understanding geometric transformations like reflection and translation.
- Coordinates (age 10+)
Describe positions on the full coordinate grid (all four quadrants); use coordinates with negative values
Ages 10 to 11Method - Translating and reflecting shapes
Draw and translate simple shapes on the coordinate plane; reflect shapes in the axes
Ages 10 to 11Method - Classifying shapes by properties
Compare and classify geometric shapes based on their properties and sizes; understand that attributes belonging to a category also belong to all subcategories…
Ages 10 to 11Concept - Numbers on a number line
Understand a coordinate system defined by two perpendicular number lines (axes) with an origin at (0,0); know that an ordered pair (x, y) specifies a unique…
Ages 10 to 11Concept - Plotting points in the first quadrant
Plot and read ordered pairs in the first quadrant of the coordinate plane; represent real-world and mathematical problems by graphing points and interpreting…
Ages 10 to 11Method - Angles in triangles (age 10+)
Find unknown angles in triangles, quadrilaterals, and regular polygons using angle sum properties
Ages 10 to 11Method - 2-D shapes (age 10+)
Draw 2-D shapes using given dimensions and angles, using a ruler and protractor accurately
Ages 10 to 11Method - Understanding angles (age 10+)
Recognise angles where they meet at a point, are on a straight line, or are vertically opposite; find missing angles using these properties
Ages 10 to 11Method - 3-D shapes (age 10+)
Recognise, describe, and build simple 3-D shapes, including making nets
Ages 10 to 11Method - Parts of a circle
Illustrate and name parts of circles, including radius, diameter, and circumference; know that the diameter is twice the radius
Ages 10 to 11Concept
Starts at age 11 // 8 topics
Starting at age 11
- Area and volume formulae
Derive and apply formulae for the area of triangles, parallelograms, and trapezia, and for the volume of cuboids and other prisms (including cylinders)…
Ages 11 to 14Method - Angle sums in triangles and polygons
Derive and use the angle sum in a triangle (180°), use it to deduce the angle sum in any polygon ((n−2) × 180°), and calculate interior and exterior angles of…
Ages 11 to 14Method - Coordinate Transformations
Identify properties of translations, rotations, and reflections; describe and perform these transformations on given figures, and understand that the image is…
Ages 11 to 14Method - Types of angles (age 11+)
Use conventional geometric terms and notation to describe, sketch, and draw points, lines, parallel and perpendicular lines, right angles, regular polygons, and…
Ages 11 to 13Language - Properties of triangles and quadrilaterals
Derive and illustrate properties of triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles using appropriate language, including interior angles, diagonals, symmetry, and…
Ages 11 to 13Concept - Measuring angles (age 11+)
Draw and measure line segments and angles accurately using ruler and protractor, and interpret scale drawings to extract real measurements
Ages 11 to 13Method - Understanding angles (age 11+)
Apply the properties of angles at a point (360°), on a straight line (180°), and vertically opposite angles to find unknown angles in multi-step problems
Ages 11 to 13Method - 3-D shapes (age 11+)
Use the properties of faces, surfaces, edges, and vertices of 3-D shapes (cubes, cuboids, prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres) to solve problems…
Ages 11 to 13Concept
Starts at age 12 // 5 topics
Starting at age 12
- Similarity and enlargement
Understand similarity as a relationship where one shape is an enlargement of another; construct similar shapes by enlargement with a given scale factor and…
Ages 12 to 14Concept - Circles: Circumference & Area
Calculate the circumference and area of circles using the formulae C = πd (or 2πr) and A = πr², and solve problems involving perimeters and areas of composite…
Ages 12 to 14Method - Angles in triangles (age 12+)
Know and use the criteria for triangle congruence (SSS, SAS, ASA, RHS), use standard labelling conventions for sides and angles of triangle ABC, and determine…
Ages 12 to 14Concept - Understanding angles (age 12+)
Use ruler and compasses to perform standard constructions: perpendicular bisector of a line segment, perpendicular to a line from or at a given point, and…
Ages 12 to 14Method - Angles with parallel lines
Understand and use the relationship between parallel lines cut by a transversal: corresponding angles, alternate interior angles, and co-interior (same-side…
Ages 12 to 14Concept
Starts at age 13 // 2 topics
Starting at age 13
- Applying Pythagoras' theorem
Apply Pythagoras’ Theorem (a² + b² = c²) to calculate unknown side lengths in right-angled triangles, including in real-world and coordinate-geometry contexts
Ages 13 to 14Method - Trigonometry basics
Use the trigonometric ratios sin, cos, and tan in right-angled triangles to find unknown sides and angles, including setting up the correct ratio for a given…
Ages 13 to 15Method