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English // Handwriting & Transcription
Forming Capital LettersForm capital letters correctly; print many upper- and lowercase letters legibly
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Handwriting & Transcription
Letter Formation FamiliesUnderstand which letters belong to which handwriting families based on similar formation patterns and practise letters in groups
Ages 5 to 6ConceptEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Understanding printDemonstrate understanding that print carries meaning, follows left-to-right top-to-bottom directionality, and is organised page by page in books
Ages 4 to 6ConceptEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Knowing all lettersRecognise and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet; name the letters in order and use letter names to distinguish between alternative…
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Single Letter SoundsKnow the primary sound for each consonant and the short and long sounds for the five major vowels; respond speedily to single-letter graphemes
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Onsets & RimesBlend and segment onsets and rimes in single-syllable words; isolate and pronounce individual phonemes (initial, medial, final) in CVC words; add or substitute…
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Rhyming wordsRecognise and produce rhyming words; join in with predictable phrases and rhymes in stories and poems; learn to appreciate and recite poems by heart
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Blending Sounds to Read WordsApply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+…
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Vowel DigraphsRead and spell words containing common vowel digraphs (ai, ay, ee, ea, oa, oe, oo, oi, oy) including where a digraph can represent more than one sound
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Consonant DigraphsRead and spell words containing consonant digraphs and less common consonant spellings (ch, sh, th, ck, tch, ng, ph, wh, k for /k/)
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
SyllablesCount, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words; divide written words into syllables as an aid to reading and spelling
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading High-Frequency Words by SightRead common high-frequency and exception words automatically by sight, including words with irregular spelling patterns
Ages 5 to 8MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading fluentlyRead aloud books matched to phonic ability accurately and with growing fluency; reread familiar texts to build confidence, speed, and expression
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading ContractionsRead and understand contractions with apostrophes, knowing the apostrophe represents omitted letters
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Compound WordsRecognise and spell compound words by identifying the two component words that combine to form a single word
Ages 5 to 8ConceptEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading Inflectional EndingsRead words containing taught GPCs with common inflectional endings (-s, -es, -ing, -ed, -er, -est) and the prefix un-; read multi-syllable words with taught…
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
TrigraphsRead and spell words containing trigraphs — three-letter graphemes representing a single sound (igh, air, ear, are)
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Diphthongs and complex vowelsRead and spell words containing diphthongs and complex vowel patterns (ow, ou, ew, ue, ie, aw, au) and words ending in -y as a vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Split Digraphs and Magic ERead and spell words containing split digraphs (a-e, e-e, i-e, o-e, u-e) where a final 'e' makes the preceding vowel long
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
R-Controlled Vowel SoundsRead and spell words containing r-controlled vowels (ar, er, ir, ur, or, ore) and vowel-r patterns where 'r' modifies the vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Predicting what happens nextPredict what might happen next in a story based on what has been read so far; discuss the significance of titles and events
Ages 4 to 10Thinking skillEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Listening to Texts Read AloudListen to and discuss poems, stories, and non-fiction at a level beyond independent reading; confirm understanding of texts read aloud by asking and answering…
Ages 5 to 10MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Characters, settings, and eventsIdentify characters, settings, and major events in stories; become familiar with key stories, fairy tales, and traditional tales and retell them with key…
Ages 5 to 8ConceptEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Main Topic of Informational TextsIdentify the main topic and retell key details of informational texts; describe connections between individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information
Ages 5 to 7Method