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English // Grammar & Punctuation
Spaces Between WordsSeparate words with spaces in writing; understand that spaces mark word boundaries in print
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Grammar & Punctuation
Starting and Ending SentencesBegin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation
Ages 5 to 8MethodEnglish // Grammar & Punctuation
Joining Words with 'And'Join words and clauses using the conjunction 'and' to create longer sentences
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Grammar & Punctuation
Regular Plural NounsForm and use regular plural nouns orally and in writing by adding -s or -es; understand that plural means more than one
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Grammar & Punctuation
Capitals for Names, Days and IUse capital letters for proper nouns (names of people, places) the days of the week, and the personal pronoun 'I'
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Handwriting & Transcription
Sitting and holding a pencilSit correctly at a table holding a pencil comfortably and correctly; form lower-case letters in the correct direction starting and finishing in the right place
Ages 4 to 6Method- Ages 5 to 6Method
English // Handwriting & Transcription
Forming Capital LettersForm capital letters correctly; print many upper- and lowercase letters legibly
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Knowing all lettersRecognise and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet; name the letters in order and use letter names to distinguish between alternative…
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Single Letter SoundsKnow the primary sound for each consonant and the short and long sounds for the five major vowels; respond speedily to single-letter graphemes
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Onsets & RimesBlend and segment onsets and rimes in single-syllable words; isolate and pronounce individual phonemes (initial, medial, final) in CVC words; add or substitute…
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Rhyming wordsRecognise and produce rhyming words; join in with predictable phrases and rhymes in stories and poems; learn to appreciate and recite poems by heart
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Blending Sounds to Read WordsApply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+…
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Vowel DigraphsRead and spell words containing common vowel digraphs (ai, ay, ee, ea, oa, oe, oo, oi, oy) including where a digraph can represent more than one sound
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Consonant DigraphsRead and spell words containing consonant digraphs and less common consonant spellings (ch, sh, th, ck, tch, ng, ph, wh, k for /k/)
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
SyllablesCount, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words; divide written words into syllables as an aid to reading and spelling
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading High-Frequency Words by SightRead common high-frequency and exception words automatically by sight, including words with irregular spelling patterns
Ages 5 to 8MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading fluentlyRead aloud books matched to phonic ability accurately and with growing fluency; reread familiar texts to build confidence, speed, and expression
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading ContractionsRead and understand contractions with apostrophes, knowing the apostrophe represents omitted letters
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading Inflectional EndingsRead words containing taught GPCs with common inflectional endings (-s, -es, -ing, -ed, -er, -est) and the prefix un-; read multi-syllable words with taught…
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
TrigraphsRead and spell words containing trigraphs — three-letter graphemes representing a single sound (igh, air, ear, are)
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Diphthongs and complex vowelsRead and spell words containing diphthongs and complex vowel patterns (ow, ou, ew, ue, ie, aw, au) and words ending in -y as a vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Split Digraphs and Magic ERead and spell words containing split digraphs (a-e, e-e, i-e, o-e, u-e) where a final 'e' makes the preceding vowel long
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
R-Controlled Vowel SoundsRead and spell words containing r-controlled vowels (ar, er, ir, ur, or, ore) and vowel-r patterns where 'r' modifies the vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6Method