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English // Phonics & Word Reading
TrigraphsRead and spell words containing trigraphs — three-letter graphemes representing a single sound (igh, air, ear, are)
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Diphthongs and complex vowelsRead and spell words containing diphthongs and complex vowel patterns (ow, ou, ew, ue, ie, aw, au) and words ending in -y as a vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Split Digraphs and Magic ERead and spell words containing split digraphs (a-e, e-e, i-e, o-e, u-e) where a final 'e' makes the preceding vowel long
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
R-Controlled Vowel SoundsRead and spell words containing r-controlled vowels (ar, er, ir, ur, or, ore) and vowel-r patterns where 'r' modifies the vowel sound
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Alternative Spellings for Known SoundsRecognise alternative grapheme-phoneme correspondences for known phonemes (e.g., /dʒ/ as ge/dge/g, /s/ as c, /n/ as kn/gn, /r/ as wr, /ʒ/ as s), reading words…
Ages 6 to 8MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Reading with Expression and AccuracyRead aloud with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression (prosody), re-reading familiar texts to build fluency and confidence, and using context to…
Ages 6 to 10MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Syllables (age 6+)Decode words of two or more syllables by breaking them into syllable chunks, applying knowledge that every syllable must contain a vowel sound, and blending the…
Ages 6 to 9MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Decoding unfamiliar wordsRead Y3-4 exception words with unusual spelling-sound correspondences, applying growing knowledge of morphology and etymology to decode unfamiliar exception…
Ages 7 to 9MethodEnglish // Phonics & Word Reading
Prefixes and suffixesRead words containing common prefixes and suffixes from the Y3-4 programme, applying knowledge of root words, prefixes and suffixes (morphology and etymology)…
Ages 7 to 9MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Listening to Texts Read AloudListen to and discuss poems, stories, and non-fiction at a level beyond independent reading; confirm understanding of texts read aloud by asking and answering…
Ages 5 to 10MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Main Topic of Informational TextsIdentify the main topic and retell key details of informational texts; describe connections between individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information
Ages 5 to 7MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Reading between the linesAsk and answer questions about key details in literary and informational texts; make simple inferences based on what characters say and do
Ages 5 to 10MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Main Topic & Key DetailsIdentify the main topic of a multi-paragraph informational text, determine the focus of specific paragraphs, and explain how key details support the main idea
Ages 6 to 10MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Inferring Characters' Feelings and MotivesDraw inferences from independently-read texts, such as inferring characters' feelings, thoughts and motives from their actions, and justifying inferences with…
Ages 7 to 10MethodEnglish // Reading Comprehension
Main Ideas & Note-TakingIdentify main ideas drawn from more than one paragraph and summarise them; retrieve and record information from non-fiction texts using notes, tables or other…
Ages 7 to 10MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Listening and respondingListen and respond appropriately to adults and peers; follow agreed-upon rules for discussion such as listening to others and taking turns speaking
Ages 4 to 11MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Group discussionsParticipate actively in collaborative conversations staying on topic; continue a conversation through multiple exchanges; maintain attention in discussions
Ages 4 to 11MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Describing AloudDescribe familiar people, places, things, and events with detail; speak audibly and express thoughts, feelings, and ideas clearly; give well-structured…
Ages 4 to 8MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Expressing & Justifying OpinionsArticulate and justify answers, arguments, and opinions; participate in discussions, presentations, performances, role play, and debates
Ages 4 to 6MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Asking QuestionsAsk relevant questions to extend understanding; ask and answer questions to seek help, get information, or clarify something not understood
Ages 4 to 11MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Reciting PoetryLearn poems by heart and recite with appropriate intonation, adding visual displays to descriptions when appropriate, and producing complete sentences in spoken…
Ages 6 to 10MethodEnglish // Spelling & Word Study
Segmenting words into soundsSegment spoken words into phonemes and spell CVC and simple phonetically regular words by writing a letter or letters for each sound
Ages 4 to 7MethodEnglish // Spelling & Word Study
Spelling Verb EndingsSpell words with common suffixes (-s/-es for plurals and third person verbs, -ing, -ed, -er, -est) where no change to the root word is needed
Ages 5 to 6MethodEnglish // Spelling & Word Study
The Prefix un-Spell words using the prefix un- to change meaning; understand that un- creates opposites or reverses actions
Ages 5 to 6Method