All topics

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Separate words with spaces in writing; understand that spaces mark word boundaries in print

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Begin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Join words and clauses using the conjunction 'and' to create longer sentences

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Form and use regular plural nouns orally and in writing by adding -s or -es; understand that plural means more than one

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use capital letters for proper nouns (names of people, places) the days of the week, and the personal pronoun 'I'

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use commas to separate items in a list within a sentence (e.g., 'I bought apples, bananas, and oranges')

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use subordination (when, if, that, because) and co-ordination (or, and, but) to join clauses and create compound and complex sentences

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use apostrophes in writing for both contraction (marking omitted letters) and singular possession, distinguishing the two uses

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use expanded noun phrases to describe and specify, adding adjectives and other modifiers before a noun (e.g., 'the blue butterfly', 'the old, creaky door')

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use singular and plural nouns with matching verbs in sentences, maintaining subject-verb agreement (e.g., 'He hops' vs 'We hop')

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Form and use the past tense of frequently occurring irregular verbs correctly (e.g., sat, hid, told, went, came, ran), recognising that these do not follow the…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use conjunctions (when, before, after, while, so, because), adverbs (then, next, soon, therefore) and prepositions (before, after, during, in, because of) to…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Punctuate direct speech using inverted commas (speech marks), understanding that direct speech records the exact words spoken and must be enclosed in…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Form and use irregular plural nouns (e.g., children, teeth, mice, geese) in addition to regular plurals, recognising that some nouns have irregular plural forms…

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Sit correctly at a table holding a pencil comfortably and correctly; form lower-case letters in the correct direction starting and finishing in the right place

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Form digits 0-9 correctly and legibly

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Form capital letters correctly; print many upper- and lowercase letters legibly

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Begin to join letters using diagonal and horizontal strokes, understanding which letter pairs are best left unjoined, forming letters of correct size relative…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Recognise and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet; name the letters in order and use letter names to distinguish between alternative…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Know the primary sound for each consonant and the short and long sounds for the five major vowels; respond speedily to single-letter graphemes

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Blend and segment onsets and rimes in single-syllable words; isolate and pronounce individual phonemes (initial, medial, final) in CVC words; add or substitute…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Recognise and produce rhyming words; join in with predictable phrases and rhymes in stories and poems; learn to appreciate and recite poems by heart

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Apply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Read and spell words containing common vowel digraphs (ai, ay, ee, ea, oa, oe, oo, oi, oy) including where a digraph can represent more than one sound