Personal & social development // Area
Friendship & Cooperation
Age coverage
Ages 5 to 14
Starts at age 5 // 5 topics
Starting at age 5
Your child is developing essential friendship skills — learning to ask for help when needed, understanding what makes a good friend, listening to others properly, and sharing and taking turns in group activities.
- Vocabulary: working with others
Know and use the vocabulary of working with others — cooperate, share, take turns, team, listen, agree, disagree respectfully, and include — and understand that…
Ages 5 to 8Language - Listening to Others
Listen to others when they are speaking — looking at the speaker, waiting until they finish, and showing they have heard by responding to what was said rather…
Ages 5 to 7Method - Makes someone a good friend
Understand what makes someone a good friend — being kind, honest, reliable, and including others — and recognise behaviours that are not friendly, such as being…
Ages 5 to 7Concept - Taking Turns and Sharing
Take turns, share materials, and play cooperatively with others — understanding that group activities work better when everyone gets a fair go and that waiting…
Ages 5 to 7Method - Asking for Help
Ask for help when they need it — from a friend, teacher, or family member — and understand that asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness
Ages 5 to 7Method
Starts at age 7 // 5 topics
Starting at age 7
Your child is learning that friendships naturally change over time and developing skills to work well in groups, resolve disagreements peacefully, and understand different roles people play in teamwork.
- Resolving Disagreements with Friends
Resolve simple disagreements with peers by talking it through — explaining how they feel, listening to the other person's side, and finding a compromise or…
Ages 7 to 9Method - Friendships change over time
Understand that friendships change over time — that it's normal for friends to drift apart or for new friendships to form — and develop strategies for making…
Ages 7 to 9Concept - Working Well in a Group
Work effectively as part of a small group — contributing their own ideas, listening to others' ideas, taking on a fair share of the work, and supporting the…
Ages 7 to 9Method - Communication Vocabulary
Know and use the vocabulary of healthy communication and conflict — assertive, passive, aggressive, compromise, conflict, resolution, mediate, bystander…
Ages 7 to 11Language - Roles in a Group
Understand different roles people play in groups — leader, supporter, mediator, idea-generator — and recognise that effective groups need a mix of roles, not…
Ages 7 to 9Concept
Starts at age 9 // 4 topics
Starting at age 9
Your child is developing advanced social skills — learning to communicate assertively, help resolve conflicts between friends, reflect on their own behaviour in relationships, and give and receive helpful feedback.
- Self-Reflection in Relationships
Reflect on their own role and behaviour in relationships — recognising patterns in how they interact with others, understanding what they contribute to…
Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill - Giving and Receiving Feedback
Give and receive constructive feedback — telling someone what they did well and what could be improved in a way that is helpful rather than hurtful, and…
Ages 9 to 11Method - Assertive Communication
Use assertive communication — expressing needs, opinions, and boundaries clearly and respectfully without being aggressive (pushy/demanding) or passive (giving…
Ages 9 to 11Method - Helping Others Resolve Conflicts
Mediate conflicts between others — helping two friends who are arguing by listening to both sides, helping them see each other's perspective, and guiding them…
Ages 9 to 11Method
Starts at age 11 // 1 topic
Starting at age 11
- Social Cues and Group Dynamics
Understand subtext, indirect communication, and social cues in adolescent peer groups; analyse the psychology of in-group and out-group dynamics and why…
Ages 11 to 12Concept
Starts at age 12 // 1 topic
Starting at age 12
- Honest Conversations and Conflict Repair
Understand how to have honest, direct conversations that address problems without attacking the person; apply the principles of non-violent communication…
Ages 12 to 13Method
Starts at age 13 // 1 topic
Starting at age 13
- Leadership Styles and Influence
Distinguish different leadership styles (directive, democratic, servant, transformational) and understand when each is appropriate; understand that influence in…
Ages 13 to 14Thinking skill