All topics

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Reflect on their own emotional patterns over time — noticing recurring triggers, understanding their typical responses, and recognising how their emotional…

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand how emotions influence thinking and decision-making — that strong feelings can cloud judgement, that we often make different choices when calm versus…

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand that emotional responses are shaped by personal experiences, culture, and context — the same situation triggers different emotions in different…

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand that people can experience mixed or conflicting emotions at the same time — feeling excited and nervous about starting a new school, or happy for a…

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand how the amygdala triggers emotional responses and how the prefrontal cortex (still developing in adolescence) regulates them; explain why stress…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Know and use the vocabulary of social awareness — including stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, equality, equity, bias, compassion, and fairness — and…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Reflect on their own assumptions and biases — recognising that everyone carries unconscious assumptions about others, and that actively questioning these…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand the impact of prejudice and discrimination on individuals and communities — that treating people unfairly because of their identity causes real harm…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Recognise stereotypes — oversimplified beliefs about groups of people based on gender, race, age, or other characteristics — and understand that stereotypes are…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand that the world contains many cultures, traditions, and belief systems, and that learning about others' perspectives enriches our own understanding…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Move beyond 'treating everyone the same' to understand that structural advantages and disadvantages exist regardless of individual effort or intention; explore…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Know and use the vocabulary of healthy communication and conflict — assertive, passive, aggressive, compromise, conflict, resolution, mediate, bystander…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Reflect on their own role and behaviour in relationships — recognising patterns in how they interact with others, understanding what they contribute to…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Give and receive constructive feedback — telling someone what they did well and what could be improved in a way that is helpful rather than hurtful, and…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Use assertive communication — expressing needs, opinions, and boundaries clearly and respectfully without being aggressive (pushy/demanding) or passive (giving…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Mediate conflicts between others — helping two friends who are arguing by listening to both sides, helping them see each other's perspective, and guiding them…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand subtext, indirect communication, and social cues in adolescent peer groups; analyse the psychology of in-group and out-group dynamics and why…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Know and use the vocabulary of ethics and citizenship — bullying, cyberbullying, bystander, upstander, peer pressure, digital citizenship, rights…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Evaluate the ethical dimensions of real-world issues they encounter — such as environmental responsibility, fairness in sport, digital ethics, or social justice…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand that ethical decisions are not always black and white — that sometimes there is no perfect answer and reasonable people can disagree — and practise…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand peer pressure — the influence friends and peers can have on your choices and behaviour — and develop strategies for resisting pressure to do…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand their rights and responsibilities as a member of a community — that everyone has a right to be treated with respect and to feel safe, and that with…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Distinguish between risk (decisions with known probabilities) and uncertainty (decisions with unknown outcomes); identify cognitive biases that distort risk…

Personal & Social Development // Self-Awareness

Know and use the vocabulary of self-reflection — self-awareness, reflect, pattern, trigger, assumption, impact, perspective, and notice — and understand that…