All topics

English // English Thinking

Understand that reading is about making meaning, not just saying words correctly — a text that can be decoded but not understood has not been read

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand that words combine to make sentences — a sentence expresses a complete thought; produce and expand complete sentences in speech and writing

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Separate words with spaces in writing; understand that spaces mark word boundaries in print

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Begin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use frequently occurring nouns (people, places, things) and verbs (action words) appropriately in speech and writing

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand and use question words (who, what, where, when, why, how) to form and answer questions

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Join words and clauses using the conjunction 'and' to create longer sentences

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Form and use regular plural nouns orally and in writing by adding -s or -es; understand that plural means more than one

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand and use the most frequently occurring prepositions of location and direction (e.g. to, from, in, out, on, off, for, by, with)

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use basic grammatical terminology when discussing reading and writing: letter, capital letter, word, singular, plural, sentence, punctuation, full stop…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use capital letters for proper nouns (names of people, places) the days of the week, and the personal pronoun 'I'

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Sit correctly at a table holding a pencil comfortably and correctly; form lower-case letters in the correct direction starting and finishing in the right place

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Form digits 0-9 correctly and legibly

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Form capital letters correctly; print many upper- and lowercase letters legibly

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Understand which letters belong to which handwriting families based on similar formation patterns and practise letters in groups

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Demonstrate understanding that print carries meaning, follows left-to-right top-to-bottom directionality, and is organised page by page in books

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Recognise and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet; name the letters in order and use letter names to distinguish between alternative…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Know the primary sound for each consonant and the short and long sounds for the five major vowels; respond speedily to single-letter graphemes

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Blend and segment onsets and rimes in single-syllable words; isolate and pronounce individual phonemes (initial, medial, final) in CVC words; add or substitute…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Recognise and produce rhyming words; join in with predictable phrases and rhymes in stories and poems; learn to appreciate and recite poems by heart

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Apply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Read and spell words containing common vowel digraphs (ai, ay, ee, ea, oa, oe, oo, oi, oy) including where a digraph can represent more than one sound

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Read and spell words containing consonant digraphs and less common consonant spellings (ch, sh, th, ck, tch, ng, ph, wh, k for /k/)

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Count, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words; divide written words into syllables as an aid to reading and spelling