All topics

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand how the amygdala triggers emotional responses and how the prefrontal cortex (still developing in adolescence) regulates them; explain why stress…

Personal & Social Development // Emotional Literacy

Understand that adolescence involves active construction of identity, leading to emotional complexity around questions of 'who am I?'; explore the emotional…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand that other people have their own feelings and thoughts, and that these might be different from your own — a foundational awareness that not everyone…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Notice and appreciate ways that people are similar to and different from each other — including appearance, family structures, languages spoken, foods eaten…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand that people's lives and experiences can be very different from their own — that some children face challenges like disability, poverty, family…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand what fairness means and why it matters — recognising that fair doesn't always mean equal (everyone getting the same) but can mean equitable (everyone…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand the impact of prejudice and discrimination on individuals and communities — that treating people unfairly because of their identity causes real harm…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Recognise stereotypes — oversimplified beliefs about groups of people based on gender, race, age, or other characteristics — and understand that stereotypes are…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand that the world contains many cultures, traditions, and belief systems, and that learning about others' perspectives enriches our own understanding…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Move beyond 'treating everyone the same' to understand that structural advantages and disadvantages exist regardless of individual effort or intention; explore…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand what makes someone a good friend — being kind, honest, reliable, and including others — and recognise behaviours that are not friendly, such as being…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand that friendships change over time — that it's normal for friends to drift apart or for new friendships to form — and develop strategies for making…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand different roles people play in groups — leader, supporter, mediator, idea-generator — and recognise that effective groups need a mix of roles, not…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand subtext, indirect communication, and social cues in adolescent peer groups; analyse the psychology of in-group and out-group dynamics and why…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand that actions have consequences — that what you choose to do affects both yourself and other people — and begin to think about what might happen…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Know the difference between right and wrong in familiar everyday situations — understanding basic rules about honesty, not hurting others, respecting others'…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand why rules and agreements exist — that they help keep people safe, make things fair, and help groups work well together — and follow agreed rules…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand the bystander role — that when someone witnesses unkind or unfair behaviour, they have a choice: they can be a passive bystander (doing nothing)…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand what bullying is — repeated behaviour intended to hurt someone, including physical, verbal, social (exclusion, spreading rumours), and cyberbullying…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand basic digital citizenship — being kind online, protecting personal information, recognising that people behind screens are real people with real…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand that ethical decisions are not always black and white — that sometimes there is no perfect answer and reasonable people can disagree — and practise…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand peer pressure — the influence friends and peers can have on your choices and behaviour — and develop strategies for resisting pressure to do…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Understand their rights and responsibilities as a member of a community — that everyone has a right to be treated with respect and to feel safe, and that with…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Distinguish between risk (decisions with known probabilities) and uncertainty (decisions with unknown outcomes); identify cognitive biases that distort risk…